Rwanda
Hundreds of thousands of people died in the 1994 Rwandan genocide, and cases of enforced disappearance continued after the end of the civil war in 1994.
In 1996 the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) commissioned a series of mass grave exhumations that were conducted by Physicians for Humans Rights (PHR).
In one mass grave the remains of 454 individuals were recovered. Almost half were children under the age of 15. Of the 454 individuals found, only 17 could be identified through identification papers, clothing or personal items.
By 2014, when the ICTR was in the process of formally concluding its operations, just 93 people had been indicted and 62 convicted and sentenced.
A 2019 report by Human Rights Watch cited “a long line of suspicious disappearances, politically motivated arrests, and unlawful detentions in Rwanda, especially of suspected government opponents and critics.”
